Here is nmdcat revised BIOLOGY syllabus online topic wise is prepared following PMC guidelines. All included topics and subtopics are mentioned here. We’ve also mentioned a few of removed topics from revised nmdcat syllabus. Also topics which are new addition and also UHS syllabus topics included.
All topics and questions will be from Fsc. and A level textbooks. The topics that are common in Sindh, Punjab, KPK, Baluchistan and Gilgit Baltistan text books are added. We recommend you to prepare your syllabus for MCQS, short questions thoroughly. This nmdcat BIOLOGY ONLINE syllabus will help you to define your preparation guidelines.
GOOD LUCK for your PMC National mdcat entry test Pakistan.
Here is BIOLOGY revised ndmcat syllabus
Ndmcat REVISED BIOLOGY SYLLABUS
Table of contents
1. Cell structure and function
2. Biological molecules
3. Enzymes
4. Bioenergetics
5. Biodiversity (Acellular life/variety of life)
6. Prokaryotes
7. Protists and fungi
8. Diversity among plants
9. Diversity among animals
10. Life process in animals and plants (nutrition/ gaseous exchange/transport)
11. Homeostasis
12. Support and Movement
13. Coordination and control/ Nervous & chemical coordination
14. Reproduction
15. Variation and Genetics / Inheritance
16. Chromosome and DNA/ Nucleic acid and protein synthesis
17. Evolution
18. Biotechnology/ Genetic Technology
Cell structure and function
⮚ Cell wall,
⮚ Cytoplasm and cell organelles
● Nucleus,
● Endoplasmic reticulum,
● Mitochondria,
● Golgi apparatus/Golgi complex/Golgi bodies,
● Lysozyme,
(Glyoxisomes removed)
● Plastids/ Chloroplast,
● Vacuoles,
⮚ Prokaryote and eukaryote
⮚ Fluid mosaic model
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Compare the structure of typical animal and plant cell
⮚ Compare and contrast the structure of Prokaryotic cell with Eukaryotic cells
⮚ Structure of viruses,
⮚ Classification of viruses,
⮚ Viral disease (For example AIDS)
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Trace the discovery of virus
⮚ Classify viruses on basis of their structure/ no. of strands/diseases/host etc.
⮚ Identify symptoms, mode of transmission and causes of viral disease (AIDS)
Prokaryotes (Kingdom Monera)
⮚ Cellular Structure of bacteria
6
⮚ Shape and size of bacteria
⮚ Importance and control of bacteria
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Describe cellular structures of bacteria
⮚ Explain diversity in shape and size in bacteria
⮚ Highlight the importance of bacteria and control of harmful bacteria
Protists and Fungi (Kingdom Protoctista and Kingdom Fungi)
⮚ Major groups among Protists (Algae (Plant like protists), Protozoa (Animal like protists))
⮚ Characteristics of Protists
⮚ Characteristics of fungi
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Describe salient features/characteristics of protists
⮚ Differentiate among major group of protists with examples
⮚ List the characteristic features of fungi
Diversity among
Plants (The Kingdom Plantae)
⮚ General introduction of plants,
⮚ Characteristics/Features of plants
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Outline and introduce the structure of plants
⮚ List general characteristics/features of plants
Diversity among
Animals (The Kingdom Animalia)
⮚ Characteristics and diversity among the animals
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Describe general characteristic of animals
Life processes in
animals and plants (Nutrition/ Gaseous exchange/Transport)
⮚ Carnivorous plants/ parasitic nutrition (pitcher plant, Venus fly trap, sundew)
⮚ Photosynthesis,
⮚ Osmotic pressure/potential
⮚ Water and mineral uptake by roots, Xylem and Phloem
⮚ Human heart structure,
⮚ Blood vessels,
⮚ Lymphatic system,
⮚ Immune system
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Discuss the examples of carnivorous plants
⮚ Explain the process of photosynthesis
⮚ Describe water and minerals uptake by roots, xylem and phloem
⮚ List down general structure of human heart
⮚ List the differences and functions of capillaries, arteries and veins.
⮚ Describe lymphatic system (organs, nodules, vessels)
⮚ Define and introduce immune system (general definition, its need and
importance)
Homeostasis
⮚ Mechanism of Homeostasis
● Receptors
● Control center
● Effector
● Positive feedback
● Negative feedback
⮚ Various nitrogenous compounds excreted during the process of excretion.
⮚ Excretory System of Human
➢ Structure and Function of Kidney
➢ Thermoregulation in Human
Learning Outcomes
➢ Describe the three elements i.e receptors, control center and effector
➢ Nature of excretory products.
➢ Explain kidney structure and function
➢ Define the thermoregulation and its need.
Support and Movement
⮚ Muscles
⮚ Types of muscles
● Skeletal Muscles
● Cardiac Muscles
● Smooth Muscles
⮚ Structure of Skeletal Muscles
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Define muscle
⮚ Compare smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and skeletal muscles
⮚ Explain the Ultra-structure of Skeletal Muscles
Coordination and
control/ Nervous & chemical coordination
⮚ Nervous System of Man
▪ Nerve Impulse
▪ Steps involved in nervous coordination
▪ Neurons (Structure and Types)
● Transmission of Action Potential between Cells – Synapse
● Electrical synapses
● Chemical synapses
● Transmission of nerve impulse across synapse
⮚ Hormones- The chemical messengers
⮚ Endocrine glands
⮚ Feedback Mechanism
• Positive feedback Mechanism
• Negative feedback Mechanism
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Steps involved in nervous coordination
⮚ Recognize receptors as transducers sensitive to various stimuli.
⮚ Define Neurons and explain its structure (Cell body, dendrites, axon and myelin sheath
and Schwann cells)
⮚ Define nerve impulse.
Reproduction
Menstrual cycle
Sexually Transmitted Diseases- AIDS
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Describe the menstrual cycle (Female reproductive Cycle) emphasizing the role of
hormones.
⮚ Explain AIDS as a worldwide sexually transmitted disease.
Variation and
Genetics / Inheritance
⮚ Mendel’s law of inheritance
• Gregor John Mendel and his worked
• Mendel’s experiment
• Inheritance of single trait
• Mendel’s principles of inheritance
• Inheritance of two traits
• Law of independent assortment
• Scope of independent assortment in variation
• Statistics and probability relevant to genetics
Complete dominance
Co-dominance
⮚ Multiple alleles
⮚ Gene linkages and crossing over
⮚ Sex linkages in drosophila
⮚ Sex linkage in human
• Genetics of Haemophilia
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Associate inheritance with the laws of Mendel.
⮚ Explain the law of independent assortment, using a suitable example.
⮚ Describe the terms gene linkage and crossing over
⮚ Explain how gene linkage counters independent assortment and crossing-over modifies
the progeny
⮚ Describe the concept of sex-linkage.
⮚ Inheritance of sex-linked traits
⮚ Analyze the inheritance of Haemophilia.
Chromosome and DNA/
Nucleic acid
⮚ Chromosomes
• Number of chromosomes
• Structure of chromosomes
• Composition and organization of chromosomes
⮚ Concept of gene
⮚ DNA as heredity material
⮚ DNA replication
⮚ Gene expression
⮚ Gene Mutation
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Annotate the detailed structure, composition and Organization of a chromosome.
⮚ Describe the gene.
⮚ Explain the concept of alleles as the alternative forms of a gene.
⮚ Explain DNA as the hereditary material.
⮚ Describe the process of DNA replication.
⮚ Explain the mechanism of transcription
⮚ Define gene and genetic code.
⮚ Describe the mechanism of protein synthesis (Translation)
⮚ Define and explain mutation
Evolution
⮚ Concepts of Evolution
⮚ Inheritance of acquired characteristics
⮚ Darwinism’s
• Darwin’s voyage of HMS beagle and his observations
• Darwin’s theory evolution
⮚ Neo-Darwinism’s
• Evidence of evolution
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Explain origin of life according to concept of evolution
⮚ Describe the theory of inheritance of acquired characters, as proposed by Lamarck.
⮚ Briefly describe the observations Darwin made during his voyage.
⮚ Explain the theory of natural selection as proposed by Darwin
Biotechnology/
Genetic Technology
⮚ Cloning of gene
• Recombinant DNA technology
• Selection and isolation of desired gene
• Molecular scissors
• Molecular carriers or vectors
• Small size example of vectors
• Molecular glue (DNA Ligase)
• Expression system
⮚ Procedure of recombinant DNA technology
⮚ Polymerase chain reaction
• Components of PCR technique
• Mechanism of PCR reaction
• Application of PCR
⮚ DNA sequencing
• Gel Electrophoresis
• Automated DNA sequencing
⮚ Transgenic organisms
⮚ Biotechnology and healthcare
Learning Outcomes
⮚ Define gene cloning and state the steps in gene cloning.
⮚ Describe the techniques of gene cloning through recombinant DNA technology.
⮚ Describe the steps involved in gene amplification through polymerase chain reaction.
⮚ Describe the principles of Gel Electrophoresis as being used in gene sequencing.
⮚ Define genetically modified/genetically engineered/transgenic organism
⮚ State the objectives of the production of transgenic plants and transgenic animals.