The KEY that will help us to address almost all
the listed issues is well-planned & GOOD
TEACHING.
Science skills
- Observing
- Communicating
- results
- Questioning
- Classifying
- Measuring
- Hypothesis
- Analyzing
- Recognizing
Skill Practised:
Science skills practised
• Observing
• Questioning
• Sorting & Classifying
Soft skills
• Sharing
• Communication
patterns
Experiment
Teaching Science
Knowledge
Skills*
- Values
The task of the teacher is to plan a
balanced lesson focusing not only on
making the new knowledge/ concept
understandable but teaching the
required skills and values to students.
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Make students
- observe
Encourage children to
- Use five senses to observe
- Record observations
- Communicate observations
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Make students observe
Examples
• Tell students to observe their neighbourhood
and note down names of the animals kept by
people. [class 1]
• Ask them to bring 3-4 different types of
leaves. In the class, tell students to observe
those and write whether those are big or
small, have the same shape, or the same
colour. [class 1]
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Middle level
Make students observe
• Ask students to taste a few things and separate
things that taste sweet, salty and bitter.
[class 3 & 5]
• Put a glass dish full of water on table. Put a piece
of wood, plastic and iron in it and ask students to
observe the activity & record their observations.
[class 5]
• Display pictures of clean and dirty water. Tell
students to record how these are different from
each other. Instruct them to write as many
differences as possible.
[class 7]
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Teaching Aids
• What are teaching aids?
• Why should we use teaching aids?
• What can be used as teaching aids?
• What stage of the lesson should the teaching aids
be used at?
• What all should be considered while selecting
and using teaching aids?
Teaching Aids
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Teaching Aids
Teaching
Aids
These facilitate to:
- promote learning by seeing
- Conduct activities (learning by doing)
- Teach science skills and values
(e.g. observation, sorting,
measuring etc )
Why should we use teaching aids in scientific learning?
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Teaching Aids
Use pictures/
models
Use realia
Use library Use ICT
Use nature
The local
environment
What can be used as teaching aids?
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Teaching Aids
Use nature/ surroundings
Students can be asked to observe :
• animals found around them and write names
of a few in their diary.
• pet animals kept by others living around
them and write names of three in their
diaries.
• and bring leaves form their surroundings etc
• and write names of plants present in their
city/ nearby park.
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Teaching Aids
Use nature/ surroundings
Students can be asked to observe
• and write names of machines
having pulley, wheel etc in them.
• and write names of solids, liquids
& gases present around them.
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Teaching Aids
Use pictures/ models/charts
• Pictures of animals for teaching pet and wild animals
• picture of clean and dirty place for teaching pollution
[pictures of playground of school before and after
recess can be used]
• picture of bending of light in water
• Chart/model of digestion etc
Use library
• pre-teaching research work from book, encyclopedia
etc
• Post-teaching research work
Use ICT
• Video about global warming [beginning of lesson]
• Video about rotation of earth/digestion [after
teaching]
Essentials of a Science Lesson
Teaching Aids
Teaching
selection Aids
Utilisation
age, space
number & topic
appropriate size
placement
available
handling
Cost
effective
What all should be considered while selecting & using
teaching aids?
- Promote Inquiry
based learning -
- questioning
- lower &
higher order
Specific
level
- Make students
think, reflect &
extend their
learning
- Benefits
- Relevant
age
- close &
open-ended
How to make Science
easy, real &
relevant
build on students’
prior knowledge :
- use easy
language
- explain clearly
- teach related
vocabulary
- relate topic to
students’ real
life practices
- give extra
information
- demonstrate
systematic
level
- appropriate
having
progression
- -easy to
difficult
Make science
easy, real &
relevant
allow students
to share their
experiences &
ask questions Individual act
• on paper
• on board onboard
practical:
class/ sci lab
assess
ensure equal
participation
in conducive
environment
reinforcement
through
activities *
Type
Give related written
assignment
Purpose:
- reinforcement/
- skill practice
- Draw related
diagrams
- Write answers
independently
- Prepare
mind maps
- write more
examples
- solve unseen
sums
examples